{"id":29246,"date":"2025-04-23T21:13:20","date_gmt":"2025-04-23T12:13:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/?p=29246"},"modified":"2025-05-03T21:00:22","modified_gmt":"2025-05-03T12:00:22","slug":"a-guide-to-cnc-machining-tolerances","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/en\/blog-en\/design-school-en\/29246\/","title":{"rendered":"A Guide to CNC Machining Tolerances"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"29246\" class=\"elementor elementor-29246\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d42708d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d42708d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b755f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4b755f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">In CNC machining, tolerances play a crucial role in ensuring that parts meet functional and assembly requirements. Tolerance defines the allowable variation in dimensions, affecting the accuracy and performance of the final component. Understanding tolerances is essential for engineers, designers, and manufacturers to optimise production while maintaining cost-effectiveness.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-915fa5c elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"915fa5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/meviy.misumi-ec.com\/en_gb-de\/login\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Upload your 3D CAD data<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7422ab6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7422ab6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #333333;\">What Are Tolerances in CNC Machining?<\/span><\/h2><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Tolerances specify the permissible deviation from a nominal dimension, ensuring that a part fits within the required mechanical and functional constraints. These deviations are usually measured in microns (\u00b5m) or millimetres (mm) and depend on factors such as material properties, machining processes, and design requirements. These specifications are crucial in <a href=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/en\/blog-en-c\/news-en-c\/29146\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">technical drawings<\/a>, where engineers indicate dimensional allowances using standard notation. By setting precise tolerances, manufacturers can balance cost, material efficiency, and performance, ensuring that CNC-machined parts meet industry standards and functional requirements.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">As explained, <strong>tolerances<\/strong> are used to control how much a manufactured part can deviate from its nominal dimensions without affecting functionality. These tolerances are crucial for ensuring <strong>interchangeability, fit, function, and manufacturability<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Here are the <strong>main types of tolerances commonly used in parts design<\/strong>:<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><h3><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dimensional Tolerances\u00a0<\/span><\/h3><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>apply to the size of features such as lengths, diameters, thicknesses, etc.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Linear tolerances<\/strong>: e.g., 50 \u00b1 0.1 mm<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Angular tolerances<\/strong>: e.g., 90\u00b0 \u00b1 0.5\u00b0<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Often defined using <strong>ISO 2768-1<\/strong> for general tolerances when not explicitly stated.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><h3><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Geometrical Tolerances (GD&amp;T)<\/span><\/h3><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Defined by <strong>BS 8888<\/strong> (UK standard that aligns with <strong>ISO 1101<\/strong>)<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">These control <strong>shape, orientation, and position<\/strong> of features beyond just size.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Main types:<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-roman;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Form tolerances<\/strong><\/span><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Straightness<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Flatness<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Circularity<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Cylindricity<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-roman;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Orientation tolerances<\/strong><\/span><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Perpendicularity<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Parallelism<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Angularity<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-roman;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Location tolerances<\/strong><\/span><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Position<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Concentricity<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Symmetry<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-roman;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Runout tolerances<\/strong><\/span><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Circular runout<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Total runout<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Each has a specific <strong>symbol<\/strong> used in a <strong>feature control frame<\/strong> on the technical drawing.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><h3><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Surface Texture Tolerances<\/span><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Specify the <strong>roughness<\/strong> or <strong>surface finish<\/strong> of a part.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Indicated using symbols like Ra (roughness average).<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Governed by <strong>BS EN ISO 1302<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><h3><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fits and Limits Tolerances (Hole\/Shaft System)<\/span><\/h3><p>\u00a0<\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Specifies how tightly or loosely two mating parts fit together.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Governed by <strong>BS EN ISO 286<\/strong> (previously BS 4500).<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Uses <strong>tolerance grades<\/strong> (IT01\u2013IT16) and <strong>letter codes<\/strong> for holes (H, G, etc.) and shafts (h, g, etc.)<\/span><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">E.g., <strong>H7\/g6<\/strong> = sliding fit<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Types of fits:<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Clearance fit<\/strong><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Transition fit<\/strong><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Interference fit<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><h3><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Positional and Datum-Based Tolerances<\/span><\/h3><p>\u00a0<\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Control where features must be located in relation to each other or to a reference.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Often used with GD&amp;T.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Summary Table<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7905a49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7905a49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><thead><tr style=\"background-color: #fdc619; color: #333; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\"><th style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Type<\/span><\/th><th style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Controlled Feature<\/span><\/th><th style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Example \/ Standard<\/span><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dimensional<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Size (length, diameter)<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ISO 2768-1, BS 8888<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Geometrical (GD&amp;T)<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Shape, position<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ISO 1101, BS 8888<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Surface Texture<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Finish, roughness<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ISO 1302<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Limits and Fits<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mating parts<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ISO 286, BS EN ISO 286<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Positional<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Relative location<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">GD&amp;T Feature control frame<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09629bd elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"09629bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/meviy.misumi-ec.com\/en_gb-de\/login\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Upload your 3D CAD data<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3457477 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3457477\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Key Terminology in Size Tolerances<\/span><\/h2><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Misunderstanding tolerance-related terms can lead to design errors. To ensure accuracy, we\u2019ll provide the below definitions based on international standards:<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b90f826 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b90f826\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><thead><tr style=\"background-color: #fdc619; color: #333; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\"><th style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Term<\/span><\/th><th style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Definition<\/span><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Size Geometry<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The geometric shape defined by length or angle measurements.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nominal Size<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The theoretically perfect dimension as shown in a drawing.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tolerance Limits<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The maximum and minimum allowable size for a feature.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Upper Limit<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The largest permissible size.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Lower Limit<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The smallest permissible size.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tolerance Value<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The difference between the upper and lower limits.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Upper Deviation<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The deviation from the nominal size to the upper limit.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Lower Deviation<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The deviation from the nominal size to the lower limit.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tolerance Class<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A combination of fundamental tolerances and basic size grades.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9171789 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9171789\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #333333;\">Why Understanding Tolerances Matters<\/span><\/h2><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Selecting the correct tolerance is essential for balancing precision, manufacturability, and cost. Overly tight tolerances may increase machining complexity and costs, while overly loose tolerances can lead to assembly issues. By following industry standards and defining tolerances correctly, engineers can improve production efficiency and ensure part compatibility.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #333333;\">General Tolerances: The Standard for Dimensional Variation<\/span><\/h2><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">When a dimension is specified with a <strong>\u00b10.1<\/strong> tolerance, manufacturers pay close attention to variation. But what happens when a dimension is given <strong>without<\/strong> a tolerance? How do we determine the acceptable range of variation?<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">The answer lies in <a href=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/en\/blog-en-c\/news-en-c\/26198\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>general tolerances<\/strong><\/a>, also known as <strong>standard tolerances<\/strong> or <strong>ordinary permissible deviations<\/strong> in design and manufacturing. These are predefined tolerances that apply when explicit tolerances are not specified, helping to keep technical drawings clean and uncluttered.<\/span><\/p><h3><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Understanding General Tolerances<\/span><\/h3><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">If a dimension is shown without a tolerance, standard practice assumes an equal tolerance range on both the <strong>plus<\/strong> and <strong>minus<\/strong> sides, centred around the nominal dimension. This means that whether a part is produced slightly larger or smaller, as long as it stays within the permitted range, it remains acceptable.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">The specific values of <strong>general tolerances<\/strong> vary depending on the <strong>manufacturing method<\/strong>. Below, we focus on the <strong>common general tolerances for machining processes<\/strong>, based on standards.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><em><u>Table 5-2 General tolerances for length dimensions excluding chamfering (JIS B 0405-1991 ~ In the case of cutting)<\/u><\/em><\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0137199 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0137199\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; height: 192px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #fdc619; color: #333333; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; height: 96px;\">\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 96px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tolerance Grade<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 96px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Classification of Standard Dimensions<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 96px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.5 to 3<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 96px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Over 3 \u2264 6<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 96px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Over 6 \u2264 30<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 96px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Over 30 \u2264 120<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 96px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Over 120 &lt; 400<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 96px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Over 400 &lt; 1000<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 96px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Over 1000 &lt; 2000<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 96px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Over 2000 &lt; 4000<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"text-align: center; height: 24px;\">\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 96px;\" rowspan=\"4\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tolerance<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Fine grade<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.05<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.05<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.1<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.15<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.2<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.3<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.5<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2013<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align: center; height: 24px;\">\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Intermediate<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.1<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.1<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.2<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.3<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.5<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.8<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b11.2<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b12<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align: center; height: 24px;\">\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Coarse grade<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.2<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.3<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.5<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.8<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b11.2<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b12<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b13<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b14<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align: center; height: 24px;\">\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Very coarse<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2013<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.5<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b11<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b11.5<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b12.5<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b14<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b16<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b18<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-132cdf9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"132cdf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><em><u>Table 5-3 General tolerance of chamfer length (JIS B 0405-1991 ~ For cutting)<\/u><\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71341f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71341f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><thead><tr style=\"background-color: #fdc619; color: #333; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\"><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tolerance Class<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\" colspan=\"3\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Classification of Standard Dimensions<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"background-color: #fdc619; color: #333; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\"><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\" rowspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Explanation<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.5 or higher<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">3 or less<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Above 3<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">6 or less<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\" rowspan=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Above 6<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background-color: #fdc619; color: #333;\" colspan=\"3\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tolerance<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Fine Grade<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\" rowspan=\"2\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.2<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\" rowspan=\"2\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.5<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\" rowspan=\"2\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b11<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Intermediate<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Coarse Grade<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b10.4<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b11<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b12<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-124f6e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"124f6e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><u>Table 5-4 General tolerances for angle dimensions (JIS B 0405-1991 &#8211; for cutting)<\/u><\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63a17cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63a17cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><tbody><tr style=\"background-color: #fdc619; color: #333; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\"><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 26.5403%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tolerance Class<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 72.9858%;\" colspan=\"5\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The length of the shorter side of the angle in question<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"text-align: center;\"><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 26.5403%;\" rowspan=\"3\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">explanation<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\" rowspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">10 or less<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Above 10<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.218%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Over 50<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Above 120<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\" rowspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Above 400<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"text-align: center;\"><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Under 50<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.218%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Under 120<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Under 400<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"text-align: center;\"><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 72.9858%;\" colspan=\"5\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tolerance<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"text-align: center;\"><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 26.5403%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Fine grade<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\" rowspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b11\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\" rowspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b130\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.218%;\" rowspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b120\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\" rowspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b110\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\" rowspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b15\u2032<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"text-align: center;\"><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 26.5403%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Intermediate<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"text-align: center;\"><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 26.5403%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Coarse grade<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b11\u00b030\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b11\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.218%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b130\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b115\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b110\u2032<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"text-align: center;\"><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 26.5403%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Very coarse<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b13\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b12\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.218%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b11\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b130\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 8px; width: 14.6919%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b120\u2032<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c8dd12 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"0c8dd12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/meviy.misumi-ec.com\/en_gb-de\/login\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Upload your 3D CAD data<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc915df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc915df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Machining Tolerance Grades<\/span><\/h2><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">General tolerances for machining are classified into four grades:<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Fine Grade (f)<\/strong> \u2013 High precision<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Medium Grade (m)<\/strong> \u2013 Standard precision<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Coarse Grade (c)<\/strong> \u2013 Lower precision<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Very Coarse Grade (v)<\/strong> \u2013 Rough machining<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #333333;\">How to Specify Dimensional Tolerances Correctly<\/span><\/h2><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">In cases where <strong>general tolerances are insufficient<\/strong>, tighter tolerances must be specified to meet functional and assembly requirements. However, unnecessarily strict tolerances <strong>increase machining costs exponentially<\/strong>, as fewer manufacturers can achieve extreme precision.<\/span><\/p><h3><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">1.\u00a0 \u00a0 How to Indicate Size Tolerances<\/span><\/h3><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">For size tolerances, <strong>the allowable deviation is written next to the nominal dimension<\/strong>. If the upper and lower deviations are not symmetrical, they are written <strong>stacked above and below<\/strong> the nominal value.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eeffa85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"eeffa85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"797\" height=\"343\" src=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Picture1-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-29251\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Picture1-2.jpg 797w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Picture1-2-300x129.jpg 300w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Picture1-2-768x331.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 797px) 100vw, 797px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e3aa85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e3aa85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Size tolerance does not necessarily have to be evenly distributed around the nominal dimension. It is possible to bias the tolerance towards either the positive or negative side (commonly referred to as <strong>unilateral tolerance<\/strong> in design settings).<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">In this way, designers express their design intent on drawings as targeting the <strong>median<\/strong>, <strong>upper<\/strong>, or <strong>lower<\/strong> range relative to the nominal dimension. However, it is important to remember that machinists typically aim for the <strong>midpoint<\/strong> of the allowable tolerance range during manufacturing.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">There are no strict regulations on the font size for tolerance values. According to JIS examples, tolerance values are written in the same font size as the dimension numbers. As long as the text is legible, the default settings in CAD software should be sufficient.<\/span><\/p><h3><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">2. Indicating Angular Size Tolerances<\/span><\/h3><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">The notation for angular size tolerance follows the same format as size tolerance. However, angular dimensions require unit symbols, and the <strong>sexagesimal (base-60) system<\/strong> is generally used, represented in degrees (\u00b0), minutes (\u2032), and seconds (\u2033).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1a957c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f1a957c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"788\" height=\"508\" src=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Picture2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-29249\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Picture2.jpg 788w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Picture2-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Picture2-768x495.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 788px) 100vw, 788px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f41dcc0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f41dcc0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d03b77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7d03b77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">How should minutes (\u2032) and seconds (\u2033) be interpreted?<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">This works similarly to a clock: when 60 minutes pass, they form 1 degree, rolling over to the next unit. This counting method is known as the <strong>sexagesimal system<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">In contrast, regular numerical notation follows the <strong>decimal system<\/strong>, where 9 increments to 10. The following table provides a conversion between angular minutes (\u2032) in the base-60 system and decimal degrees.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Angle Conversion Table (Minutes to Decimal Degrees)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-305ed3a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"305ed3a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a95d3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a95d3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><thead><tr style=\"background-color: #fdc619; color: #333; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\"><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Minutes (\u2032)<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Decimal Degrees<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Minutes (\u2032)<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Decimal Degrees<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Minutes (\u2032)<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Decimal Degrees<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Minutes (\u2032)<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Decimal Degrees<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.0167\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">16\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.2667\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">31\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.5167\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">46\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.7667\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">2\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.0333\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">17\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.2833\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">32\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.5333\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">47\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.7833\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">3\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.0500\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">18\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.3000\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">33\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.5500\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">48\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.8000\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">4\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.0667\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">19\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.3167\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">34\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.5667\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">49\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.8167\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">5\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.0833\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">20\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.3333\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">35\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.5833\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">50\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.8333\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">6\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.1000\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">21\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.3500\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">36\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.6000\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">51\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.8500\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">7\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.1167\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">22\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.3667\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">37\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.6167\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">52\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.8667\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">8\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.1333\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">23\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.3833\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">38\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.6333\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">53\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.8833\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">9\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.1500\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">24\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.4000\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">39\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.6500\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">54\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.9000\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">10\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.1667\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">25\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.4167\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">40\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.6667\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">55\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.9167\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">11\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.1833\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">26\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.4333\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">41\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.6833\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">56\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.9333\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">12\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.2000\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">27\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.4500\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">42\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.7000\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">57\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.9500\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">13\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.2167\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">28\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.4667\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">43\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.7167\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">58\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.9667\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">14\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.2333\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">29\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.4833\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">44\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.7333\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">59\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.9833\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">15\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.2500\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">30\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.5000\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">45\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">0.7500\u00b0<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">60\u2032<\/span><\/td><td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1.0000\u00b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7edf084 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7edf084\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">When specifying angular tolerances, the choice between decimal notation and sexagesimal notation is typically up to the designer\u2019s preference.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #333333;\">Accumulation of Tolerances<\/span><\/h2><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">To examine how dimensioning methods affect variation, <strong>serial dimensioning<\/strong> and <strong>parallel dimensioning<\/strong> have been illustrated using <strong>general tolerances (medium grade)<\/strong> (see Figures 5-3 and 5-4).<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3c0287 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c3c0287\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae20290 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ae20290\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f18bff elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6f18bff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-29255\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size.png 1024w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size-200x200.png 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de13c56 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de13c56\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1157cec elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1157cec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-29259\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size-2.png 1024w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size-2-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size-2-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size-2-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size-2-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wordpress-Large-size-2-200x200.png 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-474b7c9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"474b7c9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e33e49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e33e49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Let\u2019s examine two key dimensions\u2014<strong>total width (90 mm)<\/strong> and <strong>groove width (30 mm)<\/strong>\u2014to assess the variations in dimensions after machining.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Total Width<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Sequential Dimensioning<\/strong>: 90 \u00b1 0.8 mm<\/span><br \/><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Cumulative Tolerance Calculation<\/strong>: <strong>[\u00b10.3] + [\u00b10.3] + [\u00b10.2] = \u00b10.8<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Parallel Dimensioning<\/strong>: 90 \u00b1 0.3 mm (directly readable from the dimension notation)<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">From this, we can see that the dimensional variation in sequential dimensioning is <strong>0.5 mm larger<\/strong> than in parallel dimensioning.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Groove Width<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Sequential Dimensioning<\/strong>: 30 \u00b1 0.3 mm (directly readable from the dimension notation)<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Parallel Dimensioning<\/strong>: 30 \u00b1 0.5 mm<\/span><br \/><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Cumulative Tolerance Calculation<\/strong>: <strong>[\u00b10.3] + [\u00b10.2] = \u00b10.5<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Note<\/strong>: While the base <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">dimension is determined through subtraction, tolerances are cumulative and must be added. As a result, the groove width variation in parallel dimensioning is <strong>0.2 mm larger<\/strong> than in sequential dimensioning.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">This example highlights that <strong>both dimensioning methods have advantages and disadvantages depending on the specific part feature<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">However, a general rule applies:<\/span><\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Critical functional dimensions should always be directly specified to minimise variation<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Avoid relying on additive or subtractive calculations for essential dimensions<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">In other words, if the exact sizes of the protrusion and groove are more critical than the total length of 90 mm, the <strong>dimensioning method shown in Figure 5-3<\/strong> is preferable. Conversely, if the total length of 90 mm or the position of the groove from the right edge is more important than the groove width of 30 mm, the <strong>dimensioning method in Figure 5-4<\/strong> is more suitable.<\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #333333;\">Understanding Fit Types: Essential Knowledge for Precision Machining<\/span><\/h2><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">When assembling components, ensuring precise alignment or controlled movement is essential. This is where <strong>&#8220;<\/strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/en\/blog-en-c\/news-en-c\/26670\/\"><strong>fits<\/strong><\/a><strong>&#8220;<\/strong> come into play.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">A fit refers to the <strong>dimensional relationship between a hole and a shaft before assembly<\/strong>. There are three primary types, each suited to different applications:<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Clearance Fit<\/strong>: Used for positioning stationary components or allowing movement in rotating\/sliding parts.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Interference Fit<\/strong>: Used when components need to be press-fitted and secured permanently.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Transition Fit<\/strong>: A variable fit that may behave as either a clearance or interference fit, depending on tolerance variations. Because of this unpredictability, designers rarely prefer transition fits unless absolutely necessary.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h3><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">How to Specify Fits in Technical Drawings<\/span><\/h3><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Fit classifications use <strong>a standardised notation system<\/strong>, combining an <strong>uppercase or lowercase letter<\/strong> with a <strong>numerical grade<\/strong> to define tolerance classes. This notation is internationally recognised.<\/span><\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>For holes (internal features like grooves), an uppercase letter is used<\/strong> \u2192 Example: <strong>\u03c610H7<\/strong><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>For shafts (external features like protrusions), a lowercase letter is used<\/strong> \u2192 Example: <strong>\u03c610h7<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">The <strong>alphabetic symbol represents the location of the tolerance zone<\/strong> relative to the nominal size (whether it is biased towards the positive or negative side). The below image provides a visual representation of this concept.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27d8ee0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"27d8ee0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"784\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Picture5.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-29261\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Picture5.jpg 784w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Picture5-300x163.jpg 300w, https:\/\/de.meviy.misumi-ec.com\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Picture5-768x418.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 784px) 100vw, 784px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e19bbc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e19bbc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #333333;\">Summary<\/span><\/h2><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">In this session, we explored <strong>general tolerances, size tolerances, and fit tolerance class symbols<\/strong>. These symbols follow globally recognised standards, making them universally applicable in international manufacturing. As a designer, it\u2019s crucial to keep the following points in mind:<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\"><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Understand the presence and values of general tolerances before assigning any specific tolerance.<\/strong><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Tolerances related to size are referred to as &#8220;size tolerances.&#8221;<\/strong><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Overly strict tolerances increase machining difficulty, leading to higher costs.<\/strong><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>The arrangement of dimensions can distinguish between critical and non-critical features.<\/strong><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>For high-precision fits, tolerance classes should be expressed using standard notation.<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In CNC machining, tolerances play a crucial role in ensuring that parts meet functional and assembly requirements. Tolerance defines the allowable variation in dimensions, affecting the accuracy and performance of the final component. Understanding tolerances is essential for engineers, designers, and manufacturers to optimise production while maintaining cost-effectiveness. Upload your 3D CAD data What Are Tolerances in CNC Machining? Tolerances specify the permissible deviation from a nominal dimension, ensuring that a part fits within the required mechanical and functional constraints. These deviations are usually measured in microns (\u00b5m) or millimetres (mm) and depend on factors such as material properties, machining processes, and design requirements. These specifications are crucial in technical [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":59,"featured_media":29261,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[200],"tags":[212],"class_list":["post-29246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-design-school-en","tag-knowledge-base"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A Guide to CNC Machining Tolerances | meviy Europe - Blog - MISUMI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Understanding CNC machining tolerances is crucial for precision manufacturing. 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