Surface Treatment Characteristics

Surface Treatment – Features / Appearance

Surface Treatments	Features	Appearance

Electroless Nickel Plating	A surface treatment that forms a protective film through chemical reactions without using electricity. It enables uniform coating even on complex shapes, maintains high dimensional accuracy, and is compatible with various materials including insulators. Widely used across industries due to its excellent performance.
Black Oxide	A surface treatment that forms black rust on steel surfaces to protect the underlying material. It suppresses the formation of red rust and enhances corrosion resistance. Its refined appearance and low processing cost make it suitable for both industrial products and interior applications.
Trivalent Chromate (clear)	A surface treatment that forms a chromium layer on metal surfaces through electrochemical reaction. The chromium film provides high hardness, excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and a mirror-like gloss. The resulting layer significantly improves the durability and appearance of the base material. The white tone refers to the color of the film formed after chemical treatment.
Trivalent Chromate (Black)	A surface treatment that forms a chromium layer on metal surfaces through electrochemical reaction. The chromium film offers high hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and a glossy black finish. The coating enhances both the durability and visual quality of the material. The black tone is the color of the film that appears after chemical treatment.
Hard Chrome Plating (Flash Plating)	A surface treatment developed for industrial applications that achieves superior hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance compared to traditional chromate processing. The resulting film reaches a hardness of HV700–1000, significantly enhancing the durability of sliding components.
Low Temperature Black Chrome	An electroplating process performed at low temperatures that provides durability comparable to hard chrome. It offers excellent corrosion, wear, and heat resistance, along with strong adhesion that minimizes the risk of coating cracks.
Phosphate Coating	A surface treatment that forms a phosphate layer on metal surfaces to improve rust resistance, wear resistance, and paint adhesion. It is widely used in automotive and consumer electronics components requiring long-term reliability.
Salt bath nitriding	A nitriding process performed below the transformation temperature of steel (approx. 570–590°C), minimizing thermal deformation and maintaining dimensional accuracy. It is used in automotive parts, machinery components, molds, and sliding parts requiring wear resistance, fatigue resistance, and durability.
Clear Anodize	A process that forms a thick alumina layer on aluminum surfaces to improve corrosion resistance, wear resistance, electrical insulation, and dyeability. It is highly decorative and can be dyed in various colors. The white anodized finish is colorless and transparent, resembling the natural silver-white of aluminum.
Black Anodize	A surface treatment that forms a thick alumina layer and enhances corrosion resistance, wear resistance, insulation, and dyeability. After treatment, the surface is dyed black, making it suitable for decorative and functional applications.
Black Anodize (matte)	A surface treatment that includes anodizing, blasting, and chemical texturing to reduce surface reflectivity and achieve a matte black finish. It is widely used in optical components where low brightness is required.
Hard Anodize (clear)	A process performed in cold sulfuric acid to form a thick, hard alumina film with improved hardness and wear resistance compared to standard anodizing. It is used in industrial fields such as automotive and aerospace, where both durability and lubricity are required. The color tone ranges from yellow-brown to natural aluminum.
Passivation	A surface treatment that forms an ultra-thin oxide coating on the metal surface to enhance corrosion resistance. It prevents rust from forming and contributes to a more uniform appearance and improved cleanliness.

Surface Treatment Characteristics

Surface Treatments	Corrosion Resistance	Wear Resistance	Hardness	Appearance / Decorative Quality	Electrical Conductivity
Electroless Nickel Plating	〇	〇	〇	△	〇
Black Oxide	△	×	×	△	〇
Trivalent Chromate (clear)	△	×	×	△	〇
Trivalent Chromate (Black)	△	×	×	△	〇
Hard Chrome Plating (Flash Plating)	〇	〇	〇	〇	△
Low Temperature Black Chrome	〇	△	△	〇	〇
Phosphate Coating	△	△	△	×	×
Salt bath nitriding	〇	〇	〇	×	×
Clear Anodize	〇	△	△	〇	×
Black Anodize	〇	△	△	〇	×
Black Anodize (matte)	〇	△	△	〇	×
Hard Anodize (clear)	〇	〇	〇	△	×
Passivation	〇	×	×	△	×

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